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Durga Khote (14 January 1905 − 22 September 1991)

 

Durga Khote


 


Durga Khote (14 January 1905 − 22 September 1991) was an Indian actress, beginning as one of the foremost leading ladies of her times, she remained active in Hindi and Marathi cinema, as well as theatre, for over 50 years, starring in around 200 films and numerous theatre productions.


In 2000, in a millennium issue, India Today named her among "100 People Who Shaped India", noting: "Durga Khote marks the pioneering phase for women in Indian Cinema", she was one of the first women from respectable families to enter the film industry, thus breaking a social taboo.


She also ranks among the top ten actresses in mother roles in Hindi cinema,most notable among them were as Jodhabai in K. Asif's Mughal-e-Azam (1960); as Kaikeyi in Vijay Bhatt's classic Bharat Milap (1942); her other memorable roles as mother were in Charnon Ki Dasi (1941); Mirza Ghalib (1954); Bobby (1973) and Bidaai (1974). She has received the highest award in Indian cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1983), for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema.


Early life


 

Khote was born as Vita Lad to a Brahmin familywhich hailed from Goa and spoke Konkani at home. Her father's name was Pandurang Shamrao Lad and her mother's name was Manjulabai.[5] She grew up in a large joint family in Kandewadi. She was educated at Cathedral High School and St. Xavier's College where she studied for B.A. While still a college-going teenager, she married into the Khote family and settled down with her husband.


By the age of 26, Durga Khote was a widowed mother with two young sons; Bakul and Harin. She had to seek work in film to support her children. In doing so, she became a pioneer of sorts: She hailed from a traditional family and the film industry was regarded as the preserve of the base and the bawdy. Also, most of the female characters were played by men at the time.


Early career


 Khote in Seeta (1934)

Durga Khote debuted in a minor role in the obscure 1931 silent film Farebi Jaal, by the Prabhat Film Company, followed by Maya Machindra (1932). She was soon promoted to play heroine in the 1932 double version (Hindi and Marathi) Ayodhyecha Raja, another Prabhat film, which was the first ever Marathi talkie, and proved to be a runaway hit, where she played the role of Rani Taramati.[7] Indeed, she ventured yet another pioneering trend: Despite working closely with the Prabhat Film Company, she broke away from the "studio system" (exclusive contract with a studio to work in its films on a monthly salary) then in vogue and became one of the first "freelance" artistes of that era by working occasionally with the New Theatres, East India Film Co. (both at Calcutta), and Prakash Pictures.


In 1936, she played Saudamini in Amar Jyoti, which is one of her most memorable roles.[8][9] The characters played by her were very much like her regal personality and she commanded a screen presence even in front of legendary actors like Chandra Mohan, Sohrab Modi and Prithviraj Kapoor.


In 1937, she produced and directed a film titled Saathi, making her one of the first women to step into this role in Indian cinema.The 40s opened for her in a big way, with award-winning performances in Aachary Atre's Payachi Dasi (Marathi) and Charnon Ki Dasi (Hindi) (1941) and Vijay Bhatt's classic Bharat Milap (1942), both of which got her the BFJA Best Actress Award for two consecutive years.


Durga Khote remained active in the theatre circuit for many years, especially the Marathi theatre in Mumbai. She was actively associated with the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA) and worked in several plays for the Mumbai Marathi Sahitya Sangh. In 1954, she famously performed the role of Lady Macbeth in V.V. Shirwadkar's Marathi adaptations of Macbeth, as Rajmukut, The Royal Crown, along with Nanasaheb Phatak.


Later career



Durga Khote played a wide variety of roles over a career that was not only long, but also untouched by scandal. She was the inspiration for several generations of Indian actresses, including veterans such as the late Shobhna Samarth, who frequently spoke of how she had been inspired by Khote's example.


During later years, she played several important character roles, such as the mother of the protagonist. Her portrayal of Jodhabai, the queen of Akbar torn between duty towards her husband and love towards her son in Mughal-e-Azam (1960) was well received. In 1963, she acted in Merchant Ivory's debut film The Householder (1963).


She went on to play other widely appreciated character roles in later movies, such as the role of the grandmother of the heroine in Bobby (1973), the hero's aunt in Abhimaan (1973), and the very memorable Bidaai (1974), where she played a mother, a very sensitive role that can make one cry and received the Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award.


Her final memorable role was in Subhash Ghai's Karz (1980), where she played the role of the mother of Raj Kiran and later, mother to Rishi Kapoor, 

Filmography

Year

Title

Role

1931

Farebi Jaal

1932

Maya Machhindra

Queen

1932

Ayodhyecha Raja

Taramati

1933

Rajrani Meera

Meera

1933

Patit Pawan

1934

Seeta

Seeta

1935

Jeevan Natak

Miss Queen

1935

Inquilab

Miss Renee

1936

Amar Jyoti

Saudamini

1937

Pratibha

Pratibha

1938

Saathi

1938

Nandakumar

1939

Adhuri Kahani

Harbala

1940

Yamla Jat

1940

Narsi Bhagat

Manekbai

1940

Geeta

Durga

1941

Charnon Ki Dasi / Payachi Dasi

Vidya's mother-in-law

1942

Vijay

1942

Bharat Milap

Maharani Kaikeyi

1943

Zameen

1943

Tasveer

Vidya Devi

1943

Prithvi Vallabh

Mrinalvati

1943

Mahatma Vidur

1943

Mahasati Ansuya

1943

Kurbani

1944

Maharathi Karna

Kunti

1944

Dil Ki Baat

1945

Veer Kunal

1945

Phool

1945

Pannadai

1945

Lakharani

Bichwa

1945

Gaon Ki Gori

1946

Rukmini Swayamvar

1946

Maharani Minaldevi

1946

Hum Ek Hain

Zamindari Ma

1948

Seeta Sawayamwar

1948

Anjuman

1949

Jeet

Ratan's mother

1949

Singaar

Kishan's Mother

1949

Maya Bazaar

1950

Surajmukhi

1950

Nishana

1950

Magroor

1950

Har Har Mahadev

1950

Beqasoor

1950

Alakh Niranjan

1950

Hamara Ghar

1951

Sazaa

1951

Nandkishore

1951

Nai Zindagi

1951

Hum Log

Mother

1951

Hamari Shaan

1951

Aaram

Sita

1952

Sandesh

1952

Narveer Tanaji

1952

Mordhwaj

1952

Lal Kunwar

1952

Hyderabad Ki Nazneen

Mrs. Jwala Prasad

1952

Aandhiyan

1953

Naulakha Haar

Devla

1953

Dharma Pathni

Nataraj's Wife

1953

Shikast

1953

Naag Panchami

Rani Sanka

1953

Mashooka

1953

Malkin

1953

Chacha Chowdhury

1954

Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

1954

Mirza Ghalib

Amma, Chaudvin's mother

1954

Maan

1954

Lakeeren

1954

Laila

1955

Adl-E-Jahangir

Mallika-e-Jahangeer

1955

Shri Ganesh Vivah

1955

Madh Bhare Nain

1955

Jagadguru Shankaracharya

1955

Haseena

1956

Rajdhani

1956

Patrani

Raj Mata

1956

Parivar

1956

Insaaf

1956

Harihar Bhakti

1956

Dwarikadheesh

1956

Justice

1957

Talaash

1957

Ram Hanuman Yuddha

1957

Musafir

Mrs. Nilambar Sharma

1957

Mera Salaam

1957

Bhabhi

Ratan's aunt

1957

Bade Sarkar

Sumitra Maan Singh

1958

Gopichand

1959

Ardhangini

Prakash's mom

1959

Raj Tilak

1959

Maine Jeena Seekh Liya

1959

Ghar Ghar Ki Baat

1960

Parakh

Rani Ma, J.C. Roy's mother

1960

Mughal-E-Azam

Maharani Jodha Bai

1960

Usne Kaha Tha

Paro

1960

Love in Simla

Sonia's grandmother

1961

Ek Ladki Saat Ladke

1961

Senapati

1961

Kismet Palat Ke Dekh

1961

Do Bhai

Gopi's Mother

1961

Bhabhi Ki Chudiyan

Prabha's mother

1962

Son of India

Head Nun

1962

Rungoli

Subhagi

1962

Man-Mauji

Dr. Mohan's mother

1962

Main Shadi Karne Chala

1963

The Householder

Prem's mother

1963

Mujhe Jeene Do

Dhara Khan's Mom

1964

Benazir

1964

Tere Dwaar Khada Bhagwan

1964

Shagoon

1964

Main Suhagan Hoon

1964

Kaise Kahoon

1964

Door Ki Awaaz

Prakash's mother

1965

Purnima

Sharda R. Lal

1965

Kaajal

Rani Sahiba

1965

Janam Janam Ke Saathi

1965

Do Dil

Ranimaa

1966

Anupama

Ashok's mother

1966

Sagaai

Sheel's mother

1966

Pyar Mohabbat

Rajmata Rajeshwari

1966

Devar

Gopinath's Mom

1966

Daadi Maa

Daadi Maa / Maharani

1967

Chandan Ka Palna

Mrs. Radha Laxmidas

1968

Sunghursh

Mrs. Bhawani Prasad

1968

Sapno Ka Saudagar

Peter's mother

1968

Jhuk Gaya Aasman

Mrs. Saxena

1969

Pyar Ka Sapna

Sudha's mother

1969

Ek Phool Do Mali

Leela

1969

Jeene Ki Raah

Janki

1969

Dharti Kahe Pukarke

Parvati

1970

Khilona

Thakurain Singh

1970

Dhartichi Lekaren

1970

Umang

Aunti Ji

1970

Gopi

Kunwar's Mother

1971

Anand

Renu's mother

1971

Chingari

Mohan's Mother

1971

Ek Nari Ek Brahmachari

Rajlaxmi S. Chaudhary

1971

Banphool

Haria's maternal grandma

1972

Bawarchi

Seeta Sharma

1972

Shararat

Harry's mother

1972

Raja Jani

Rajmata

1972

Mere Bhaiya

Avinash's mother

1972

Mangetar

1973

Sone Ke Haath

1973

Abhimaan

Durga Mausi

1973

Bobby

Mrs. Braganza

1973

Namak Haraam

Somu's mother

1973

Door Nahin Manzil

Dadima

1973

Agni Rekha

Durga

1974

Bidaai

Parvati

1974

Insaaniyat

Ram's mother

1974

Dil Diwana

Vijay's Dadimaa

1975

Khushboo

Brindaban's mother

1975

Kala Sona

Mrs. Ranjeet Singh

1975

Chaitali

Manish's mother

1975

Vandana

Rakesh's Mother

1975

Biwi Kiraya Ki

1976

Jaaneman

Ronnie's mother

1976

Jai Bajrang Bali

Devi Maa Anjani

1976

Shaque

Mrs. Bannerjee

1976

Rangila Ratan

1977

Saheb Bahadur

Meena's grandmother

1977

Paheli

Brij Mohan's mother

1977

Paapi

Ashok's mother

1977

Naami Chor

1977

Do Chehere

Daadima

1977

Darling Darling

1977

Chor Sipahee

Mrs. Khanna, Raja's mother

1977

Chacha Bhatija

Mrs. D'Silva

1980

Karz

Mrs. Shanta Prasad Verma

1981

Sangdil

1983

Daulat Ke Dushman

Sunil's mother


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